Gross motor parts of the body:
An anatomical joint where two or more bones meet is called a joint are, the total number of pairs is 236. Joints perform the following functions. A They hold the bones in place.
2. We can walk with the help of bones.with the help of bones we can open our doors. with the help of bones we can bend and twist the joints. Or can rotate. These movements are called fundamental movements. The total number of joints that cause pelvic motion is 236.
What The types of joints and describe the characteristics found in joints?
Types of Pairs:
There are three types of pairs. Minor motion joints.
Non-moving joints.
Movable joints.
1 - Non-moving joints:
In such joints, the bones are firmly attached to each other. The bones in the joint are so close that they cannot move. Such joints They are found between the bones of the skull.
2 Minimally movable joints These joints have very little movement and are capable of bearing pressure. For example, the intervertebral discs The medial joint of the pair of clavicles.
3- Movable joints: These joints can have all kinds of movement. For example, the knee joint Shoulder joint etc.
Following are the characteristics found in pairs. Ligaments are strong and flexible fibrous threads that hold bone joints together. are called bonds. Bonds prevent joints from dislocating. The biggest joint
1. It forms the largest bone in the body and is attached to it.
2- The cover has a small gap in each joint. One of whose rotations There is a cover. which preserves the joint. And helps to move around.
Membrane:
The covering that surrounds the joint has a smooth and thin layer on its inner surface called the membrane. This layer produces a lacy fluid. Which keeps the bones of the jaws smooth and fresh. This reduces the friction between the bones, causing the bones to rub together Time does not hurt.
The types of moving joints:
There are following five types of moving joints. Gliding Joints In this type of joint, the surfaces of the bones are smooth, so they spread over each other.
There are Ball and cup joint In this type of joint, one end of the bone is round while the other end is cup-shaped. The round end enters the cup-shaped socket and can rotate. Each direction in this joint
Examples of movement that can occur are the shoulder joint and the hip joint.
Hinged Joint:
In this type of joint, one bone has a rounded surface while the other bone has a rounded surface The surface is deep, allowing more movement on one side, such as the knee and elbow joints.
Swivel Joints:
These joints can rotate left and right. An example of this is the head, as the head can rotate to the right or left during this movement, the first vertebra of the cervical spine rotates on the axis of the second cervical vertebra.
Spherical joints:
These are also like hinged joints, the bone growth in these joints can be more or less. So they also show extra left and right movement for example be there are also wrist joints and ankle joints.
Combinations:
A few combinations that sound common Different joints can have the following types of movements.
B. Rotational motion. c. Angular motion. A spreading movement. There are total 236 joints in the human body. So there are a few combinations that are considered normal
The following are Shoulder and arm joints:
Joint of pubic bone and sternum:
This is an expanding joint. It meets the end of the penile bone and the end of the sternum come on A Oh
In Joint of tibia and humerus:
It is also an extensible joint and may have slight movement. This joint is external to the clavicle Formed from the head and shoulder bone.
Shoulder joint: The joint of the humerus and the humerus is the humeral joint - the humerus is inserted into the cup-like depth of the humerus to form the shoulder joint.
Elbow joint The elbow joint is a hinge joint. It is made up of three bones. It is made up of three bones.
Pores ulna are radicles. The elbow joint is formed by the union of the ends of the porus and the ulna. In this joint Has the ability to expand and contract.
The carotid joint is a spherical joint formed by the union of the radial and bicuspid bones.
Joints of the bones of the hand The joint surfaces of the bones of the hand are flat and smooth. And these bones can easily spread over each other. Hence these are called expansion joints.
Also join Hip joint This joint is spherical and cup-shaped. Ligaments are formed by the insertion of the rounded end of the upper femur into the cup-like depth of the hip bone are all around.
The knee joint is a hinged joint that has the ability to expand and contract. Joints of small and large bones of the shin: These are two joints of these bones It is made up of upper and lower ends.
A The ankle joint is a hinge joint. It is between the lower end of the tibia and the outer ankle. It has strong ligaments around it to allow contraction and expansion of the joint There are movements of turning in and out.
Muscular system:
Muscular system Muscular system refers to the system by which the muscles of the body Enables movement. A muscle is a collection of muscles. A muscle is called a muscle. Muscles appear attached to bones as layers of flesh under the skin. Muscles have the ability to contract and expand. Muscles are single fibers of flesh that are connected to each other by a membrane. Some muscles are strong, for example the muscles of the legs and arms. Some are delicate and small, such as the eye Muscles etc.
Types of Muscles:
There are three types of muscles. 1. Voluntary muscles -2- Involuntary muscles -3- Cardiovascular muscles
Voluntary Muscles:
These muscles are subject to our disease i.e. we can move them when we want Voluntary muscles are half of our body. These muscles are composed of fine fibers, these fibers consist of white and black stripes, so they are also called our striated muscles. There are two types of voluntary muscles.
A Quick results - ;2- Skeletal muscles
Contractile Muscles:
Muscles that are attached to the skin are called contractile muscles For example, the muscles of the scalp etc.
Skeletal Muscles:
Muscles that are attached to bones are called skeletal muscles. Their ends turn into white strong and inflexible cords Because muscles are attached to bones.
2 These muscles move automatically. These muscles do not have any striated muscles, so these muscles are called non-striated muscles. In them, the muscles of the stomach and intestines breathe
Involuntary muscles:
These are the muscles that are not subject to our disease. Involves the groin and pupil muscles.
Cardiac Muscles:
These muscles are found in the heart and have unique properties. In structure, striated muscles are similar to voluntary muscles, but in terms of their function, they are involuntary muscles. These muscles are not under the control of the central nervous system, but They have the property of contracting and expanding even without nerve impulses.
The types of voluntary muscles in terms of movement:
Types of muscles according to movement/function:
1. Flexor muscles:
These muscles are on the inner side of the limb, their contraction causes the limb to move inwards eg the front muscles of the arm.
2. Extensor muscles:
These muscles are located on the outside of a limb such as the arm Extrinsic muscle.
3. Adductor muscles:
These are the muscles that bring the organ inwards eg the thigh Intrinsic muscles.
4. Extrinsic muscles:
These are the muscles that move the muscle away from the body, eg the leg and arm muscles.
5. The rotator cuff muscles are the muscles that have the ability to rotate the associated limb in a circular motion, for example, we rotate the leg inward and the shoulder blade. A muscle externally rotates the arm.
The benefits/importance/characteristics of muscles:
1. Movement in the human body is caused by muscles.
2- Muscles help in chewing food.
5- Muscles create immunity against diseases.
6- Expansion and contraction of muscles helps in breathing.
7. Blood circulation is maintained by the contraction and expansion of the muscles.
8. Muscles regulate sports and exercise performance.
9. Strong and powerful muscles increase physical performance.
10 - Muscles make our body beautiful and shapely.
11. Muscles protect bones and joints.